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Economic Feasibility and Process Design for Bio-Gasoline Production from Lignocellulosic Wastes in Metropolis

Author(s)

Xiao-Ying Lu*, Chi-Ying Vanessa Li, Xuejuan Cui, Wei Liu

Affiliation(s)

Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong (THEi), Hong Kong 999077, China. *Corresponding Author

Abstract

This study examines the economic viability and procedural framework for producing bio-gasoline from lignocellulosic waste materials in Metropolis, while tackling the dual issues of waste disposal and the creation of renewable fuel sources. We propose a batch-mode operation with an annual capacity of 22 batches, each processing 100,000 kg of woody biomass, divided into five key sections: pre-treatment and fractionation, pulp extraction, lignin conversion to liquid alkanes, xylose recovery, and gasoline blending. The methodology integrates capital and operational cost estimations, where the fixed capital investment is derived from direct and indirect costs, while working capital is calculated as a percentage of the total investment. Operational costs include raw materials, labor, utilities, and waste disposal, which contributes to a thorough economic evaluation. Furthermore, profitability is assessed by means of financial metrics including gross margin, return on investment, payback time, and net present value, which establishes a comprehensive framework for decision-making. This work distinguishes itself by its customized approach to Metropolis’s distinctive waste scenario, in which lignocellulosic biomass is plentiful but remains inadequately exploited. The study presents a feasible substitute for fossil fuels by transforming this waste into bio-gasoline, thereby reducing environmental harm. Moreover, the process design prioritizes scalability and adaptability, which ensures its applicability to other urban areas sharing comparable waste compositions. The findings indicate the possibility of substantial economic benefits, as detailed sensitivity analyses identify critical cost factors and profitability thresholds. This study adds to the expanding literature on sustainable fuel production and delivers actionable guidance for policymakers and industry professionals. The proposed system not only supports worldwide decarbonization objectives but also tackles regional waste disposal issues, thereby establishing Metropolis as a pioneer in circular economy efforts.

Keywords

Economic Feasibility; Lignocellulosic Wastes; Bio-Gasoline; Decarbonization; Circular Economy

References

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